Major Landform of The Earth

1(1). 

What are the major landforms?

Ans. 

Plateaus, plains and mountains are the major landforms.

1(2). 

What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?

1(3). 

What are the different types of mountains?
Ans. Fold mountains, block mountains and volcanic mountain are the different types of mountains.

1(4). 

How are mountains useful to man?

Ans. 

Mountains are useful to man as they are a source of fresh water in the form of glaciers storehouse of water, useful in generation of hydroelectricity and mountains are also rich in flora and fauna and minerals.

1(5). 1

How are plains formed?

Ans. 

Most of the plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries. The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them. They carry forward the eroded material. Then they deposit their load (consisting of fine particles of soil, stones, sand and silt) along with their courses and in their valleys. It is from these deposits that plains are formed.

1(6). 

Why are the river plains thickly populated?

Ans. 

A lot of flat lands are available in plains. Also, the available land is generally fertile. Hence, plains are the most useful areas for human habitation as well as for cultivation. Further, provision for transport is easy and the land is highly productive for cultivation. Thus, plains are very thickly populated regions of the world.

1(7). 

Why are mountains thinly populated?

Ans. 

Mountains are thinly populated because mountains have a very harsh cold climate. The slopes of the mountains are very steep. Also, mountains offer very little land for farming.

2(1). 

The mountains differ from the hills in terms of

1)   

slope

2)   

elevation

3)   

Shape

4)   

Aspect
Ans. 2)   elevation
The mountains differ from the hills in terms of elevation. A hill is a land surface that rises higher than the surrounding area. Generally, a steep hill with an elevation of more than 600 metres is termed as a mountain.
 

2(2). 

Which one of the following is not a fold mountain?

1)   

Rockies

2)   

Kilimanjaro

3)   

Himalayas

4)   

Aravallis
Ans. 2)   Kilimanjaro
The Himalayas and the Rockies are of recent origin. Hence, they are called young fold mountains. The Aravallis, on the other hand, are comparatively old, so they are called old fold mountains. But Kilimanjaro does not fit into either category; it was formed by a volcanic eruption.

2(3). 

The Deccan Plateau is located in

1)   

Kenya

2)   

Australia

3)   

Afghanistan

4)   

India
Ans. 4)   India
IndiaDeccan, the entire southern peninsula of India south of the Narmada River, marked centrally by a high triangular tableland. The name derives from the Sanskrit Dakshina (“south”). The plateau is bounded on the east and west by the Ghats, escarpments that meet at the plateau's southern tip.
 

2(4). 

The river Yangtze flows in:

1)   

Japan

2)   

Australia

3)   

South America

4)   

China
Ans. 4)   China
River Yangtze is the longest river that flows in China.
 

2(5). 

An important mountain range of Europe is

1)   

Rockies

2)   

Andes

3)   

Himalayas

4)   

Alps
Ans. 4)   Alps
The Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes are mountain ranges of Asia, Europe and South America, respectively

3(1). 

A ________ is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
Ans 1. Plain
 

3(2). 

The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of ________ types of mountains.
Ans .  Young fold

3(3). 

________ areas are rich in mineral deposits.
Ans . Plateau
 

3(4). 

The ________ is a line of mountains.
 
Ans . Range
 

3(5). 

The ________ areas are most productive for farming.
Ans . Plain

4. 

What kind of landforms are found in your state? Based on the reading of this chapter, say how they are of use to the people.

Ans. 

Plains are found in my state. Their flat surfaces are easily cultivated and usually contain the most productive soil. As the land is plain and level, the construction of the transport network is very easy. Construction of houses is also carried on a large scale. Thus, plains provide all facilities for human habitation. Perhaps, therefore, the thick population is found here.
 

5. 

On an outline map of the world, mark the following :

Mountain ranges: Himalayas, Rockies, and Andes.

Plateau: Tibet.

Ans. 

Ans:
 

Ans. 

Mountain: A mountain is a natural elevation of the earth’s surface. It is considerably higher than the surrounding area. Mountains have peaks.
Plateau: A plateau is a flat, raised highland which is rich in minerals. It is a flat-topped land that stands above the surrounding area. Plateaus are flattened highlands.